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翻訳と辞書　辞書検索 [ 開発暫定版 ] スポンサード リンク Isobaric process ： ウィキペディア英語版 Isobaric process An ''isobaric process'' is a thermodynamic process in which the pressure stays constant: Δ''P'' = 0. The term derives from the Greek ''iso-'' (equal) and ''baros'' (weight). The heat transferred to the system does work, but also changes the internal energy of the system: :$Q\; =\; \backslash Delta\; U\; +\; W\backslash ,$ According to the first law of thermodynamics, ''W'' is work done ''by'' the system, ''U'' is internal energy, and ''Q'' is heat. Pressure-volume work by the closed system is defined as: :$W\; =\; \backslash int\; \backslash !\; p\; \backslash ,dV\; \backslash ,$ where Δ means change over the whole process, whereas d denotes a differential. Since pressure is constant, this means that :$W\; =\; p\; \backslash Delta\; V\backslash ,$. Applying the ideal gas law, this becomes :$W\; =\; n\backslash ,R\backslash ,\backslash Delta\; T$ assuming that the quantity of gas stays constant, e.g., there is no phase transition during a chemical reaction. According to the equipartition theorem, the change in internal energy is related to the temperature of the system by :$\backslash Delta\; U\; =\; n\backslash ,c\_V\backslash ,\backslash Delta\; T$, where $c\_V$ is specific heat at a constant volume. Substituting the last two equations into the first equation produces: :$Q\; =\; n\backslash ,c\_V\backslash ,\backslash Delta\; T\; +\; n\backslash ,R\backslash ,\backslash Delta\; T$ ::$=\; n\backslash ,(c\_V\; +\; R)\backslash ,\backslash Delta\; T$ ::$=\; n\backslash ,c\_P\backslash ,\backslash Delta\; T$, where $c\_P$ is specific heat at a constant pressure. ==Specific heat capacity== To find the molar specific heat capacity of the gas involved, the following equations apply for any general gas that is calorically perfect. The property $\backslash gamma$ is either called the adiabatic index or the heat capacity ratio. Some published sources might use ''k'' instead of $\backslash gamma$. Molar isochoric specific heat: :$c\_V\; =\; \backslash frac$. Molar isobaric specific heat: :$c\_p\; =\; \backslash frac$. The values for $\backslash gamma$ are $\backslash gamma\; =\; 1.4$ for diatomic gasses like air and its major components, and $\backslash gamma\; =\; \backslash frac$ for monatomic gasses like the noble gasses. The formulas for specific heats would reduce in these special cases: Monatomic: :$c\_V\; =\; \backslash frac$ and $c\_P\; =\; \backslash frac$ Diatomic: :$c\_V\; =\; \backslash frac$ and $c\_P\; =\; \backslash frac$ An isobaric process is shown on a P-V diagram as a straight horizontal line, connecting the initial and final thermostatic states. If the process moves towards the right, then it is an expansion. If the process moves towards the left, then it is a compression. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Isobaric process」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク 翻訳と辞書 : 翻訳のためのインターネットリソース Copyright(C) kotoba.ne.jp 1997-2016. All Rights Reserved.